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Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration by Using Different Five Empirical Models for Melkassa Area, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Received: 5 August 2021     Accepted: 18 August 2021     Published: 30 August 2021
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Abstract

Accurate estimate of reference evapotranspiration is essential for water resource and irrigation project planning and operation that include optimal irrigation scheduling. The study was conducted at melkassa the aim of the study was to estimate reference evapotranspiration of Melkassa area using five different empirical models. Evapotranspiration of the crop and reference evapotranspiration are affected by the climatic parameters like temperature, sunshine duration, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and so on. Hence, all available climatic data gathered and the estimation of reference evapotranspiration of the area calculated based on five models used. ETo computed by The Blaney-Criddle method, Modified penman method, Radiation method, Throntwaite method and Hargreaves equation. From the result Thornthwaite method gave the maximum rate of Reference evapotranspiration (264.7 mm/month) which is over estimated. The Blaney-Criddlemethod provided the smallest reference evapotranspiration rate (83.7 mm/month). Moreover, the Modified Penman method showed relatively high estimation next to Thornthwaite method and it consists of the energy (radiation) terms and the aerodynamic (wind speed and relative humidity) terms which increased the method to be suggested for the area. The Radiation method showed better evapotranspiration next to Modified Penman method it is the best alternative in the presence of measured wind speed and air humidity data.

Published in Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19
Page(s) 192-198
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Reference Evapotranspiration, Empirical Models, Climatic Parameters, Melkassa

References
[1] Abtew, W. and J. Obeysekera. 1995. Lysimeter study of evapotranspiration of cattails and comparison of three estimation methods. Trans. ASAE 38 (1): 121-129.
[2] Alkaeed, O., Flores, C., and Jinno, K., (2006). Comparison of Several Reference Evapotranspiration Methods for Itoshima Peninsula Area, Fukuoka, Japan. Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Vol. 66, No. 1.
[3] Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., Smith, M. (1998): Crop evapotranspiration – Guidelines for computing crop water requirements – FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56. Food and Agriulture Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
[4] Bautista, F., and D., Bautista, Calibration of the equations of Hargreaves and Thornthwaite to estimate the potential evapotranspiration in semi–arid and sub-humid tropical climates for regional applications, 2009, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Antigua Carretera a PátzcuaroNúm. 8701, Pp, 5-7.
[5] Doorenbos, J. and Pruitt, W. O. (1977): Guidelines for predicting crop water requirements. Irrigation and Drainage Paper 24 (revised) Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome.
[6] FAO (Food and Agricultural organization), 2003. Food Agriculture and Water. World water development report. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Rome, Italy.
[7] FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56 Crop Evapotranspiration (guidelines for computing crop water requirements.
[8] FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24 Crop Evapotranspiration (guidelines for computing crop water requirements.
[9] Hargreaves, G. L., Hargreaves, G. H., and Riley, J. P. 1985. Agricultural benefits for Senegal River Basin. J. Irrigation and Drainage Engr., ASCE 111: 113-124.
[10] Hargreaves, G. H. 1983. Discussion of 'Application of Penman wind function' by Cuenca, R. H. and Nicholson, M. J. J. Irrig. and Drain. Engrg., ASCE 109 (2): 277-278.
[11] Melkassa agricultural research center, Meteorological station 1977-2018, Melkassa, Ethiopia.
[12] Monteith, J. L., 1965. Evaporation and Environment. 19th Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, University Press, Cambridge, 19: 205-234.
[13] Richard, G., Allen, Luis, S., Pereira, Dirk, R., and Martin, S., Crop evapotranspiration, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56, Crop Evapotranspiration, (guidelines for computing crop water Requirements), Rome, 1998, p. 6, 8 and 17.
[14] Roth, K., 2006: Soil Physics. Lecture Notes. Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Heidelberg, p. 135.
[15] Smith, M., Allen, R., Monteith, J. L., Perrier, A. and Segeren, A. 1991. Report on the expert consultation for revision of FAO methodologies for crop water requirements. FAO/AGL, Rome, 60pp.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Gebeyehu Ashemi. (2021). Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration by Using Different Five Empirical Models for Melkassa Area, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Sciences, 9(4), 192-198. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19

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    ACS Style

    Gebeyehu Ashemi. Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration by Using Different Five Empirical Models for Melkassa Area, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. J. Plant Sci. 2021, 9(4), 192-198. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19

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    AMA Style

    Gebeyehu Ashemi. Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration by Using Different Five Empirical Models for Melkassa Area, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. J Plant Sci. 2021;9(4):192-198. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19,
      author = {Gebeyehu Ashemi},
      title = {Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration by Using Different Five Empirical Models for Melkassa Area, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia},
      journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
      volume = {9},
      number = {4},
      pages = {192-198},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20210904.19},
      abstract = {Accurate estimate of reference evapotranspiration is essential for water resource and irrigation project planning and operation that include optimal irrigation scheduling. The study was conducted at melkassa the aim of the study was to estimate reference evapotranspiration of Melkassa area using five different empirical models. Evapotranspiration of the crop and reference evapotranspiration are affected by the climatic parameters like temperature, sunshine duration, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and so on. Hence, all available climatic data gathered and the estimation of reference evapotranspiration of the area calculated based on five models used. ETo computed by The Blaney-Criddle method, Modified penman method, Radiation method, Throntwaite method and Hargreaves equation. From the result Thornthwaite method gave the maximum rate of Reference evapotranspiration (264.7 mm/month) which is over estimated. The Blaney-Criddlemethod provided the smallest reference evapotranspiration rate (83.7 mm/month). Moreover, the Modified Penman method showed relatively high estimation next to Thornthwaite method and it consists of the energy (radiation) terms and the aerodynamic (wind speed and relative humidity) terms which increased the method to be suggested for the area. The Radiation method showed better evapotranspiration next to Modified Penman method it is the best alternative in the presence of measured wind speed and air humidity data.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration by Using Different Five Empirical Models for Melkassa Area, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
    AU  - Gebeyehu Ashemi
    Y1  - 2021/08/30
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19
    T2  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    JF  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    JO  - Journal of Plant Sciences
    SP  - 192
    EP  - 198
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2331-0731
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20210904.19
    AB  - Accurate estimate of reference evapotranspiration is essential for water resource and irrigation project planning and operation that include optimal irrigation scheduling. The study was conducted at melkassa the aim of the study was to estimate reference evapotranspiration of Melkassa area using five different empirical models. Evapotranspiration of the crop and reference evapotranspiration are affected by the climatic parameters like temperature, sunshine duration, humidity, wind speed, solar radiation and so on. Hence, all available climatic data gathered and the estimation of reference evapotranspiration of the area calculated based on five models used. ETo computed by The Blaney-Criddle method, Modified penman method, Radiation method, Throntwaite method and Hargreaves equation. From the result Thornthwaite method gave the maximum rate of Reference evapotranspiration (264.7 mm/month) which is over estimated. The Blaney-Criddlemethod provided the smallest reference evapotranspiration rate (83.7 mm/month). Moreover, the Modified Penman method showed relatively high estimation next to Thornthwaite method and it consists of the energy (radiation) terms and the aerodynamic (wind speed and relative humidity) terms which increased the method to be suggested for the area. The Radiation method showed better evapotranspiration next to Modified Penman method it is the best alternative in the presence of measured wind speed and air humidity data.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Ethiopia Agricultural Research Institute, Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Adama, Ethiopia

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